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Promethium

Chhiùng Wikipedia lòi
Promethium,  61Pm
ngoi-kôn
metallic
Promethium spectrum visible.png
Spectral lines of promethium
Kî-pún sin-sit
Miàng, fù-ho Promethium, Pm
ngoi-hìn metallic
Promethium chhai chû-khì-péu ke vi-chi
Khiâng (sûng-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Hoi (hî-yù hi-thí)
Lithium (kán-kîm-su̍k)
Beryllium (kán-thú kîm-su̍k)
Phìn (lui-kîm-su̍k)
Than (tô-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Tham (sûng-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Yông (sûng-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Fuk (sûng-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Nái (hî-yù hi-thí)
Na̍p (kán-kîm-su̍k)
Magnesium (kán-thú kîm-su̍k)
Lî (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Si̍t (lui-kîm-su̍k)
Lìn (tô-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Liù-vòng (tô-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Liu̍k (sûng-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Argon (hî-yù hi-thí)
Kap (kán-kîm-su̍k)
Koi (kán-thú kîm-su̍k)
Scandium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Titanium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Vanadium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Chromium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Manganese (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Thiet (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Cobalt (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Nickel (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Thùng (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Â-yèn (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Gallium (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Germanium (lui-kîm-su̍k)
Phî (lui-kîm-su̍k)
Selenium (tô-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Chhiu (sûng-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Krypton (hî-yù hi-thí)
Rubidium (kán-kîm-su̍k)
Strontium (kán-thú kîm-su̍k)
Yttrium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Zirconium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Niobium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Molybdenum (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Technetium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Ruthenium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Rhodium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Palladium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Ngiùn (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Cadmium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Indium (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Siak (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Antimony (lui-kîm-su̍k)
Tellurium (lui-kîm-su̍k)
Tién (sûng-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Xenon (hî-yù hi-thí)
Caesium (kán-kîm-su̍k)
Barium (kán-thú kîm-su̍k)
Lanthanum (lanthanum-hi)
Cerium (lanthanum-hi)
Praseodymium (lanthanum-hi)
Neodymium (lanthanum-hi)
Promethium (lanthanum-hi)
Samarium (lanthanum-hi)
Europium (lanthanum-hi)
Gadolinium (lanthanum-hi)
Terbium (lanthanum-hi)
Dysprosium (lanthanum-hi)
Holmium (lanthanum-hi)
Erbium (lanthanum-hi)
Thulium (lanthanum-hi)
Ytterbium (lanthanum-hi)
Lutetium (lanthanum-hi)
Hafnium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Tantalum (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Tungsten (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Rhenium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Osmium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Iridium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Pha̍k-kîm (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Kîm (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Súi-ngiùn (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Thallium (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Yèn (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Bismuth (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Polonium (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Astatine (lui-kîm-su̍k)
Radon (hî-yù hi-thí)
Francium (kán-kîm-su̍k)
Radium (kán-thú kîm-su̍k)
Actinium (actinium-hi)
Thorium (actinium-hi)
Protactinium (actinium-hi)
Uranium (actinium-hi)
Neptunium (actinium-hi)
Plutonium (actinium-hi)
Americium (actinium-hi)
Curium (actinium-hi)
Berkelium (actinium-hi)
Californium (actinium-hi)
Einsteinium (actinium-hi)
Fermium (actinium-hi)
Mendelevium (actinium-hi)
Nobelium (actinium-hi)
Lawrencium (actinium-hi)
Rutherfordium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Dubnium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Seaborgium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Bohrium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Hassium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Meitnerium (unknown chemical properties)
Darmstadtium (unknown chemical properties)
Roentgenium (unknown chemical properties)
Copernicium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Nihonium (unknown chemical properties)
Flerovium (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Moscovium (unknown chemical properties)
Livermorium (unknown chemical properties)
Tennessine (unknown chemical properties)
Oganesson (unknown chemical properties)


Pm

Np
neodymiumPromethiumsamarium
ngièn-chṳ́ sì-sú 61
ngièn-chṳ́-liòng [145]
ngièn-su lui-phe̍t   lanthanum-hi
Chhu̍k, fûn-khî n/a, f-block
chû-khì period 6
thien-chṳ́ phài-lie̍t [Xe] 4f5 6s2
per shell 2, 8, 18, 23, 8, 2
vu̍t-lî sin-chṳt
Siông ku-thí
yùng-tiám 1315 K ​(1042 °C, ​1908 °F)
pui-tiám 3273 K ​(3000 °C, ​5432 °F)
Me̍t-thu near Sit-vûn 7.26 g·cm−3
Yùng-fa-ngie̍t 7.13 kJ·mol−1
Chîn-fat-ngie̍t 289 kJ·mol−1
Ngièn-chṳ́ sin-chṳt
Yông-fa-su 3, 2 ​(a mildly basic oxide)
Thien-fu-sin Pauling scale: 1.13 (?)
Thien-lì-nèn 1st: 540 kJ·mol−1
2nd: 1050 kJ·mol−1
3rd: 2150 kJ·mol−1
Ngièn-chṳ́ pan-kang empirical: 183 pm
Khiung-ka pan-kang 199 pm
Miscellanea
Chîn-thí keu-chhodouble hexagonal close-packed (dhcp)
Double hexagonal close packed crystal structure for Promethium
Ngie̍t-phàng-chong 9.0 µm·m−1·K−1[1] (at r.t.)
Ngie̍t-chhòn-thô-li̍t 17.9 W·m−1·K−1
Thien-chú-li̍t est. 0.75 µΩ·m (at r.t.)
Chhṳ̀-sin paramagnetic[2]
Young's modulus α form: est. 46 GPa
Shear modulus α form: est. 18 GPa
Bulk modulus α form: est. 33 GPa
Poisson ratio α form: est. 0.28
CAS Registry Number 7440-12-2
Le̍k-sú
Fat-hien Chien Shiung Wu, Emilio Segrè, Hans Bethe (1942)
First isolation Charles D. Coryell, Jacob A. Marinsky, Lawrence E. Glendenin, Harold G. Richter (1945)
Named by Grace Mary Coryell (1945)
Chui vún-thin ke thùng-vi-su
Chú vùn-chông: Promethium ke thùng-vi-su
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
145Pm syn 17.7 y ε 0.163 145Nd
146Pm syn 5.53 y ε 1.472 146Nd
β 1.542 146Sm
147Pm trace 2.6234 y β 0.224 147Sm

Promethium (Hon-ngî: ) he yit-chúng fa-ho̍k ngièn-su, fa-ho̍k fù-ho vì Pm, ngièn-chṳ́ su-muk he 61.

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