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Thallium

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Thallium,  81Tl
ngoi-kôn
silvery white
Kî-pún sin-sit
Miàng, fù-ho Thallium, Tl
ngoi-hìn silvery white
Thallium chhai chû-khì-péu ke vi-chi
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Meitnerium (unknown chemical properties)
Darmstadtium (unknown chemical properties)
Roentgenium (unknown chemical properties)
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Nihonium (unknown chemical properties)
Flerovium (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Moscovium (unknown chemical properties)
Livermorium (unknown chemical properties)
Tennessine (unknown chemical properties)
Oganesson (unknown chemical properties)
In

Tl

Nh
súi-ngiùnThalliumyèn
ngièn-chṳ́ sì-sú 81
ngièn-chṳ́-liòng 204.38[1] (204.382–204.385)[2]
ngièn-su lui-phe̍t   heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k
Chhu̍k, fûn-khî 13 chhu̍k, p-block
chû-khì period 6
thien-chṳ́ phài-lie̍t [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p1
per shell 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 3
vu̍t-lî sin-chṳt
Siông ku-thí
yùng-tiám 577 K ​(304 °C, ​579 °F)
pui-tiám 1746 K ​(1473 °C, ​2683 °F)
Me̍t-thu near Sit-vûn 11.85 g·cm−3
11.22 g·cm−3
Yùng-fa-ngie̍t 4.14 kJ·mol−1
Chîn-fat-ngie̍t 165 kJ·mol−1
Ngie̍t-yùng-liong 26.32 J·mol−1·K−1
chîn-hi-ap
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
chhai T (K) 882 977 1097 1252 1461 1758
Ngièn-chṳ́ sin-chṳt
Yông-fa-su 3, 2, 1, −1, −2, −5[3] ​(a mildly basic oxide)
Thien-fu-sin Pauling scale: 1.62
Thien-lì-nèn 1st: 589.4 kJ·mol−1
2nd: 1971 kJ·mol−1
3rd: 2878 kJ·mol−1
Ngièn-chṳ́ pan-kang empirical: 170 pm
Khiung-ka pan-kang 145±7 pm
Van der Waals pan-kang 196 pm
Miscellanea
Chîn-thí keu-chhohexagonal close-packed (hcp)
Hexagonal close packed crystal structure for Thallium
Sâng-suk thin rod 818 m·s−1 (at 20 °C)
Ngie̍t-phàng-chong 29.9 µm·m−1·K−1 (at 25 °C)
Ngie̍t-chhòn-thô-li̍t 46.1 W·m−1·K−1
Thien-chú-li̍t 0.18 µΩ·m (at 20 °C)
Chhṳ̀-sin diamagnetic[4]
Young's modulus 8 GPa
Shear modulus 2.8 GPa
Bulk modulus 43 GPa
Poisson ratio 0.45
Mohs hardness 1.2
Brinell hardness 26.5–44.7 MPa
CAS Registry Number 7440-28-0
Le̍k-sú
Fat-hien William Crookes (1861)
First isolation Claude-Auguste Lamy (1862)
Chui vún-thin ke thùng-vi-su
Chú vùn-chông: Thallium ke thùng-vi-su
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
203Tl 29.524% (α) 0.9108 199Au
204Tl syn 3.78 y β 0.764 204Pb
ε 0.347 204Hg
205Tl 70.476% (α) 0.1567 201Au
Decay modes in parentheses are predicted, but have not yet been observed

Thallium (Hon-ngî: ) he yit-chúng fa-ho̍k ngièn-su, fa-ho̍k fù-ho vì Tl, ngièn-chṳ́ su-muk he 81.

Chhâm-kháu chṳ̂-liau

[phiên-siá | kói ngièn-sṳ́-mâ]
  1. Conventional Atomic Weights 2013. Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights
  2. Standard Atomic Weights 2013. Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights
  3. Dong, Z.-C.; Corbett, J. D. (1996). "Na23K9Tl15.3:  An Unusual Zintl Compound Containing Apparent Tl57-, Tl48−, Tl37−, and Tl5− Anions". Inorganic Chemistry 35 (11): 3107–12. doi:10.1021/ic960014z. 
  4. Lide, D. R., pian. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (86th pán.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5. Archived from the original on 2011-03-03. 2018-06-10 chhà-khon.