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Wolfram

Chhiùng Wikipedia lòi
Wolfram,  74W
ngoi-kôn
grayish white, lustrous
Kî-pún sin-sit
Miàng, fù-ho Wolfram, W
phe̍t-miàng tungsten
ngoi-hìn grayish white, lustrous
Wolfram chhai chû-khì-péu ke vi-chi
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Roentgenium (unknown chemical properties)
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Moscovium (unknown chemical properties)
Livermorium (unknown chemical properties)
Tennessine (unknown chemical properties)
Oganesson (unknown chemical properties)
Mo

W

Sg
tantalumWolframrhenium
ngièn-chṳ́ sì-sú 74
ngièn-chṳ́-liòng (±) 183.84(1)[1]
ngièn-su lui-phe̍t   ko-thu kîm-su̍k
Chhu̍k, fûn-khî 6 chhu̍k, d-block
chû-khì period 6
thien-chṳ́ phài-lie̍t [Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2[2]
per shell 2, 8, 18, 32, 12, 2
vu̍t-lî sin-chṳt
Siông ku-thí
yùng-tiám 3695 K ​(3422 °C, ​6192 °F)
pui-tiám 6203 K ​(5930 °C, ​10,706 °F)
Me̍t-thu near Sit-vûn 19.25 g·cm−3
17.6 g·cm−3
lìm-kie-tiám 13,892 K,  MPa
Yùng-fa-ngie̍t 35.3 kJ·mol−1
Chîn-fat-ngie̍t 774 kJ·mol−1
Ngie̍t-yùng-liong 24.27 J·mol−1·K−1
chîn-hi-ap
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
chhai T (K) 3477 3773 4137 4579 5127 5823
Ngièn-chṳ́ sin-chṳt
Yông-fa-su 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0, −1, −2, −4 ​(a mildly acidic oxide)
Thien-fu-sin Pauling scale: 2.36
Thien-lì-nèn 1st: 770 kJ·mol−1
2nd: 1700 kJ·mol−1
Ngièn-chṳ́ pan-kang empirical: 139 pm
Khiung-ka pan-kang 162±7 pm
Miscellanea
Chîn-thí keu-chhobody-centered cubic (bcc)
Body-centered cubic crystal structure for Wolfram
Sâng-suk thin rod 4620 m·s−1 (at r.t.) (annealed)
Ngie̍t-phàng-chong 4.5 µm·m−1·K−1 (at 25 °C)
Ngie̍t-chhòn-thô-li̍t 173 W·m−1·K−1
Thien-chú-li̍t 52.8 nΩ·m (at 20 °C)
Chhṳ̀-sin paramagnetic[3]
Young's modulus 411 GPa
Shear modulus 161 GPa
Bulk modulus 310 GPa
Poisson ratio 0.28
Mohs hardness 7.5
Vickers hardness 3430–4600 MPa
Brinell hardness 2000–4000 MPa
CAS Registry Number 7440-33-7
Le̍k-sú
Hí-miàng from German wolfram
Fat-hien Carl Wilhelm Scheele (1781)
First isolation Juan José Elhuyar and Fausto Elhuyar (1783)
Chui vún-thin ke thùng-vi-su
Chú vùn-chông: Wolfram ke thùng-vi-su
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
180W 0.12% 1.8×1018 y α 2.516 176Hf
181W syn 121.2 d ε 0.188 181Ta
182W 26.50% >1.7×1020 y (α) 1.772 178Hf
183W 14.31% >8×1019 y (α) 1.680 179Hf
184W 30.64% >1.8×1020 y (α) 1.123 180Hf
185W syn 75.1 d β 0.433 185Re
186W 28.43% >4.1×1018 y (α) 1.656 182Hf
(ββ) 186Os
Decay modes in parentheses are predicted, but have not yet been observed

Wolfram (Hon-ngî: ) he yit-chúng fa-ho̍k ngièn-su, fa-ho̍k fù-ho vì W, ngièn-chṳ́ su-muk he 74.

Chhâm-kháu chṳ̂-liau

[phiên-siá | kói ngièn-sṳ́-mâ]
  1. Standard Atomic Weights 2013. Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights
  2. Berger, Dan. "Why does Tungsten not 'Kick' up an electron from the s sublevel ?". Bluffton College, USA. 
  3. Lide, D. R., pian. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (86th pán.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5. Archived from the original on 2011-03-03. 2018-06-10 chhà-khon.