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Cerium

Chhiùng Wikipedia lòi
(Chhùng-thin-hiong chhṳ Sṳ (鈰))
Cerium,  58Ce
ngoi-kôn
silvery white
Kî-pún sin-sit
Miàng, fù-hoCerium, Ce
ngoi-hìnsilvery white
Cerium chhai chû-khì-péu ke vi-chi
Khiâng (sûng-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Hoi (hî-yù hi-thí)
Lithium (kán-kîm-su̍k)
Beryllium (kán-thú kîm-su̍k)
Phìn (lui-kîm-su̍k)
Than (tô-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Tham (sûng-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Yông (sûng-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Fuk (sûng-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Nái (hî-yù hi-thí)
Na̍p (kán-kîm-su̍k)
Magnesium (kán-thú kîm-su̍k)
Lî (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Si̍t (lui-kîm-su̍k)
Lìn (tô-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Liù-vòng (tô-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Liu̍k (sûng-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Argon (hî-yù hi-thí)
Kap (kán-kîm-su̍k)
Koi (kán-thú kîm-su̍k)
Scandium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Titanium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Vanadium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Chromium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Manganese (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Thiet (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Cobalt (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Nickel (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Thùng (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Â-yèn (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Gallium (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Germanium (lui-kîm-su̍k)
Phî (lui-kîm-su̍k)
Selenium (tô-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Chhiu (sûng-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Krypton (hî-yù hi-thí)
Rubidium (kán-kîm-su̍k)
Strontium (kán-thú kîm-su̍k)
Yttrium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Zirconium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Niobium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Molybdenum (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Technetium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Ruthenium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Rhodium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Palladium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Ngiùn (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Cadmium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Indium (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Siak (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Antimony (lui-kîm-su̍k)
Tellurium (lui-kîm-su̍k)
Tién (sûng-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Xenon (hî-yù hi-thí)
Caesium (kán-kîm-su̍k)
Barium (kán-thú kîm-su̍k)
Lanthanum (lanthanum-hi)
Cerium (lanthanum-hi)
Praseodymium (lanthanum-hi)
Neodymium (lanthanum-hi)
Promethium (lanthanum-hi)
Samarium (lanthanum-hi)
Europium (lanthanum-hi)
Gadolinium (lanthanum-hi)
Terbium (lanthanum-hi)
Dysprosium (lanthanum-hi)
Holmium (lanthanum-hi)
Erbium (lanthanum-hi)
Thulium (lanthanum-hi)
Ytterbium (lanthanum-hi)
Lutetium (lanthanum-hi)
Hafnium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Tantalum (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Tungsten (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Rhenium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Osmium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Iridium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Pha̍k-kîm (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Kîm (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Súi-ngiùn (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Thallium (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Yèn (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Bismuth (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Polonium (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Astatine (lui-kîm-su̍k)
Radon (hî-yù hi-thí)
Francium (kán-kîm-su̍k)
Radium (kán-thú kîm-su̍k)
Actinium (actinium-hi)
Thorium (actinium-hi)
Protactinium (actinium-hi)
Uranium (actinium-hi)
Neptunium (actinium-hi)
Plutonium (actinium-hi)
Americium (actinium-hi)
Curium (actinium-hi)
Berkelium (actinium-hi)
Californium (actinium-hi)
Einsteinium (actinium-hi)
Fermium (actinium-hi)
Mendelevium (actinium-hi)
Nobelium (actinium-hi)
Lawrencium (actinium-hi)
Rutherfordium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Dubnium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Seaborgium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Bohrium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Hassium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Meitnerium (unknown chemical properties)
Darmstadtium (unknown chemical properties)
Roentgenium (unknown chemical properties)
Copernicium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Nihonium (unknown chemical properties)
Flerovium (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Moscovium (unknown chemical properties)
Livermorium (unknown chemical properties)
Tennessine (unknown chemical properties)
Oganesson (unknown chemical properties)
–
↑
Ce
↓
Th
lanthanum ← Cerium → praseodymium
ngièn-chṳ́ sì-sú58
ngièn-chṳ́-liòng (±)140.116(1)[1]
ngièn-su lui-phe̍t  lanthanum-hi
Chhu̍k, fûn-khîn/a, f-block
chû-khìperiod 6
thien-chṳ́ phài-lie̍t[Xe] 4f1 5d1 6s2[2]
per shell2, 8, 18, 19, 9, 2
vu̍t-lî sin-chṳt
Siôngku-thí
yùng-tiám1068 K ​(795 °C, ​1463 °F)
pui-tiám3716 K ​(3443 °C, ​6229 °F)
Me̍t-thu near Sit-vûn6.770 g·cm−3
6.55 g·cm−3
Yùng-fa-ngie̍t5.46 kJ·mol−1
Chîn-fat-ngie̍t398 kJ·mol−1
Ngie̍t-yùng-liong26.94 J·mol−1·K−1
chîn-hi-ap
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
chhai T (K) 1992 2194 2442 2754 3159 3705
Ngièn-chṳ́ sin-chṳt
Yông-fa-su4, 3, 2, 1 ​(a mildly basic oxide)
Thien-fu-sinPauling scale: 1.12
Thien-lì-nèn1st: 534.4 kJ·mol−1
2nd: 1050 kJ·mol−1
3rd: 1949 kJ·mol−1
(more)
Ngièn-chṳ́ pan-kangempirical: 181.8 pm
Khiung-ka pan-kang204±9 pm
Miscellanea
Chîn-thí keu-chho ​double hexagonal close-packed (dhcp)
Double hexagonal close packed crystal structure for Cerium

β-Ce
Chîn-thí keu-chho ​face-centered cubic (fcc)
Face-centered cubic crystal structure for Cerium

γ-Ce
Sâng-suk thin rod2100 m·s−1 (at 20 °C)
Ngie̍t-phàng-chongγ, poly: 6.3 µm·m−1·K−1 (at r.t.)
Ngie̍t-chhòn-thô-li̍t11.3 W·m−1·K−1
Thien-chú-li̍tβ, poly: 828 nΩ·m (at r.t.)
Chhṳ̀-sinparamagnetic[3]
Young's modulusγ form: 33.6 GPa
Shear modulusγ form: 13.5 GPa
Bulk modulusγ form: 21.5 GPa
Poisson ratioγ form: 0.24
Mohs hardness2.5
Vickers hardness210–470 MPa
Brinell hardness186–412 MPa
CAS Registry Number7440-45-1
Le̍k-sú
Hí-miàngafter dwarf planet Ceres, itself named after Roman deity of agriculture Ceres
Fat-hienMartin Heinrich Klaproth, Jöns Jakob Berzelius, Wilhelm Hisinger (1803)
First isolationCarl Gustaf Mosander (1839)
Chui vún-thin ke thùng-vi-su
Chú vùn-chông: Cerium ke thùng-vi-su
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
134Ce syn 3.16 d ε 0.500 134La
136Ce 0.185% >3.8×1016 y (β+β+) 2.419 136Ba
138Ce 0.251% >1.5×1014 y (β+β+) 0.694 138Ba
139Ce syn 137.640 d ε 0.278 139La
140Ce 88.450% – (SF) <43.633
141Ce syn 32.501 d β− 0.581 141Pr
142Ce 11.114% >5×1016 y (β−β−) 1.417 142Nd
(α) 1.298 138Ba
144Ce syn 284.893 d β− 0.319 144Pr
Decay modes in parentheses are predicted, but have not yet been observed

Cerium (Hon-ngî: 鈰 shì) he yit-chúng fa-ho̍k ngièn-su, fa-ho̍k fù-ho vì Ce, ngièn-chṳ́ su-muk he 58.

Chhâm-kháu chṳ̂-liau

[phiên-siá | kói ngièn-sṳ́-mâ]
  1. ↑ Standard Atomic Weights 2013. Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights
  2. ↑ Ground levels and ionization energies for the neutral atoms, NIST
  3. ↑ Lide, D. R., pian. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (86th pán.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5. Archived from the original on 2011-03-03. 2018-06-10 chhà-khon.