Thulium

Chhiùng Wikipedia lòi
(Chhùng-thin-hiong chhṳ Tiû)
Thulium,  69Tm
ngoi-kôn
silvery gray
Kî-pún sin-sit
Miàng, fù-ho Thulium, Tm
ngoi-hìn silvery gray
Thulium chhai chû-khì-péu ke vi-chi
Khiâng (sûng-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Hoi (hî-yù hi-thí)
Lithium (kán-kîm-su̍k)
Beryllium (kán-thú kîm-su̍k)
Phìn (lui-kîm-su̍k)
Than (tô-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Tham (sûng-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Yông (sûng-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Fuk (sûng-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Nái (hî-yù hi-thí)
Na̍p (kán-kîm-su̍k)
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Cerium (lanthanum-hi)
Praseodymium (lanthanum-hi)
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Europium (lanthanum-hi)
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Terbium (lanthanum-hi)
Dysprosium (lanthanum-hi)
Holmium (lanthanum-hi)
Erbium (lanthanum-hi)
Thulium (lanthanum-hi)
Ytterbium (lanthanum-hi)
Lutetium (lanthanum-hi)
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Francium (kán-kîm-su̍k)
Radium (kán-thú kîm-su̍k)
Actinium (actinium-hi)
Thorium (actinium-hi)
Protactinium (actinium-hi)
Uranium (actinium-hi)
Neptunium (actinium-hi)
Plutonium (actinium-hi)
Americium (actinium-hi)
Curium (actinium-hi)
Berkelium (actinium-hi)
Californium (actinium-hi)
Einsteinium (actinium-hi)
Fermium (actinium-hi)
Mendelevium (actinium-hi)
Nobelium (actinium-hi)
Lawrencium (actinium-hi)
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Dubnium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Seaborgium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Bohrium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Hassium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Meitnerium (unknown chemical properties)
Darmstadtium (unknown chemical properties)
Roentgenium (unknown chemical properties)
Copernicium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Nihonium (unknown chemical properties)
Flerovium (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Moscovium (unknown chemical properties)
Livermorium (unknown chemical properties)
Tennessine (unknown chemical properties)
Oganesson (unknown chemical properties)


Tm

Md
erbiumThuliumytterbium
ngièn-chṳ́ sì-sú 69
ngièn-chṳ́-liòng (±) 168.93422(2)[1]
ngièn-su lui-phe̍t   lanthanum-hi
Chhu̍k, fûn-khî n/a, f-block
chû-khì period 6
thien-chṳ́ phài-lie̍t [Xe] 4f13 6s2
per shell 2, 8, 18, 31, 8, 2
vu̍t-lî sin-chṳt
Siông ku-thí
yùng-tiám 1818 K ​(1545 °C, ​2813 °F)
pui-tiám 2223 K ​(1950 °C, ​3542 °F)
Me̍t-thu near Sit-vûn 9.32 g·cm−3
8.56 g·cm−3
Yùng-fa-ngie̍t 16.84 kJ·mol−1
Chîn-fat-ngie̍t 191 kJ·mol−1
Ngie̍t-yùng-liong 27.03 J·mol−1·K−1
chîn-hi-ap
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
chhai T (K) 1117 1235 1381 1570 (1821) (2217)
Ngièn-chṳ́ sin-chṳt
Yông-fa-su 2, 3 ​(a basic oxide)
Thien-fu-sin Pauling scale: 1.25
Thien-lì-nèn 1st: 596.7 kJ·mol−1
2nd: 1160 kJ·mol−1
3rd: 2285 kJ·mol−1
Ngièn-chṳ́ pan-kang empirical: 176 pm
Khiung-ka pan-kang 190±10 pm
Miscellanea
Chîn-thí keu-chhohexagonal close-packed (hcp)
Hexagonal close packed crystal structure for Thulium
Ngie̍t-phàng-chong poly: 13.3 µm·m−1·K−1 (at r.t.)
Ngie̍t-chhòn-thô-li̍t 16.9 W·m−1·K−1
Thien-chú-li̍t poly: 676 nΩ·m (at r.t.)
Chhṳ̀-sin paramagnetic (at 300 K)
Young's modulus 74.0 GPa
Shear modulus 30.5 GPa
Bulk modulus 44.5 GPa
Poisson ratio 0.213
Vickers hardness 470–650 MPa
Brinell hardness 470–900 MPa
CAS Registry Number 7440-30-4
Le̍k-sú
Hí-miàng after Thule, a mythical region in Scandinavia
Hoat-kiàn kap siōng chá ê tông-ūi-sò͘ Per Teodor Cleve (1879)
Chui vún-thin ke thùng-vi-su
Chú vùn-chông: Thulium ke thùng-vi-su
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
167Tm syn 9.25 d ε 0.748 167Er
168Tm syn 93.1 d ε 1.679 168Er
169Tm 100% (α) 1.2004 165Ho
170Tm syn 128.6 d β 0.968 170Yb
171Tm syn 1.92 y β 0.096 171Yb
Decay modes in parentheses are predicted, but have not yet been observed

Thulium (Hon-ngî: diū) he yit-chúng fa-ho̍k ngièn-su, fa-ho̍k fù-ho vì Tm, ngièn-chṳ́ su-muk he 69.

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